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Finally\u2014Commercially Available Herbicide-Tolerant Grain Sorghums<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n We have heard about this for years.\u00a0 In 2022 there will finally be some options for Texas grain sorghum farmers to consider. \u00a0Seed for at least some limited acreage of three different herbicide-tolerant grain sorghum hybrids will be available.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n These will be best for sorghum farmers that struggle with grass control in grain sorghum.\u00a0 Grain sorghum itself is a grass, so otherwise this is a tough task.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n All three grain sorghum technologies are non-GMO.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Here is a short summary of each technology.\u00a0 Please contact your seed dealer for specific seed availability and further management recommendations.\u00a0\u00a0 Two of the technologies are ALS (acetolactate synthase) weed control systems.\u00a0 (There are several ALS groups including imis, sulfonyls, etc.).\u00a0 ALS technologies have been used for a long time.\u00a0 There is resistance among several weeds to ALS<\/u>.\u00a0 Do not plant fields with ALS-resistant Johnsongrass or shatter cane<\/strong>.\u00a0 ALS-resistant Johnsongrass has been confirmed in Texas, to both imidazolinones (imazethapyr) and sulfonylureas (nicosulfuron)(weedscience.org). ACCase technology is acetyl-CoA carboxylase.<\/p>\n Fig. 1.\u00a0 Grass control (right) by herbicide application in herbicide-tolerant grain sorghum.\u00a0 (Courtesy Dr. Brent Bean)<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Important Criteria for Herbicide-Tolerant Sorghums<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Inzen (Corteva\/Pioneer)<\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>\n This ALS herbicide program is paired with the nicosulfuron<\/u> herbicide Zest<\/strong> from Corteva.\u00a0 It is best used as a postemergence application coupled with an effective broadleaf herbicide following a soil-applied residual herbicide program.\u00a0 Zest has good activity on grasses, but limited effectiveness on broadleaves.\u00a0 What is Zest most similar to?\u2014Accent in corn.\u00a0 As of early December 2021, Pioneer has not yet announced which hybrids will be available for farmers in 2022.\u00a0 Pollen-mediated gene flow to nearby Johnsongrass and shattercane can increase development of resistance in those weeds.\u00a0 Control of these nearby weeds is recommended when they are also flowering.\u00a0 Consult the label for last recommended timing on application for weeds of specific size.\u00a0 Do not apply to sorghum >20\u201d tall (this serves as the pre-harvest interval).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Based on the supplemental label for reduced crop rotation intervals (CRI) posted at http:\/\/www.cdms.net\/ldat\/ldDEH004.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Selected Zest label rotation restrictions\u2014no soil pH limitations:<\/p>\n Zest label rotation restrictions\u2014soil pH dependent:<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Consult the full label for additional information and special circumstances.\u00a0 Additional rotational restriction comments include certain states (including Texas), rate of Zest, and if unirrigated drought conditions prevail.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Igrowth (Advanta\/Alta)<\/em><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n This ALS herbicide program is paired with the imazamox<\/u> herbicide Imiflex<\/strong> from UPL.\u00a0 The technology is the most advanced commercially.\u00a0 It is available in Australia and Argentina since 2018.\u00a0 It is available in at least five medium-early and medium maturity hybrids and also one forage sorghum.\u00a0 Imiflex has both preemergence and postemergence activity that extends to many broadleaf and select grass weeds.\u00a0 The residual activity from Imiflex appears to be longer than Inzen or Double Team.\u00a0 What is Imiflex most similar to?\u2014Raptor in soybeans.\u00a0 Pollen-mediated gene flow to nearby Johnsongrass and shattercane can increase development of resistance in those weeds.\u00a0 Control of these nearby weeds is recommended when they are also flowering.\u00a0 See the full Imiflex label for specific instructions on crabgrass control.\u00a0 Applications recommended for broadleaves \u22643\u201d tall, and grasses no more than 4-5 leaf stage.\u00a0 Do not apply on grain sorghum >20\u201d tall.\u00a0 Imiflex has no preharvest interval for any igrowth sorghum crop.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Selected Imiflex label rotation restrictions for Texas may depend on east or west location from U.S. Highway 83 (Canadian-Childress-Abilene-Junction-Uvalde).<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Additional rotational restriction comments for soil pH, rainfall + irrigation, and tillage are listed for barley and non-Clearfield wheat.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n For additional comments on igrowth\/Imiflex see United Sorghum Checkoff agronomist Dr. Brent Bean\u2019s comments, https:\/\/www.sorghumcheckoff.com\/agronomy-insights\/igrowth-imiflex-use-in-sorghum\/<\/a><\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n Double Team (S&W Seed\/Sorghum Partners)<\/em><\/p>\n <\/p>\n This ACCase herbicide program is paired with the quizalofop<\/u> herbicide FirstAct<\/strong> from ADAMA.\u00a0 Currently less information is available on use and timing of FirstAct.\u00a0 Grass resistance to ACCase herbicides is relatively low compared to ALS herbicides.\u00a0 . FirstAct is a postemergence, which only has activity on grass weeds. What is FirstAct most similar to?\u2014Assure II in wheat.\u00a0 Pollen-mediated gene flow to nearby Johnsongrass and shattercane can increase development of resistance in those weeds.\u00a0 Consult the label for last recommended application to weeds of specific size (most at 2 to 6\u201d tall maximum).\u00a0 Apply to young, actively growing weeds in 4-20\u201d sorghum for best weed control and crop tolerance.<\/p>\n Selected FirstAct label rotation restrictions:<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n **\u00a0 **\u00a0 **<\/strong><\/p>\n For all three herbicide-tolerant systems consult the chemical label for additional information on tank-mix partners, possible additives, and the all-important information for rates and number of allowed applications.<\/p>\n \u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n What is the cost of these three herbicide programs\u2014both seed and herbicide?<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n Texas A&M AgriLife has not yet gathered information from companies and dealers on what projected costs may be.\u00a0 Anticipate they will be somewhat higher as the companies recapture the tremendous cost of bringing these technologies to market. \u00a0For Texas Grain sorghum growers that have a regular fight on their hands with grasses, this is where the technology is most valuable.\u00a0 These technologies will not increase your yield potential but can have a major impact on the actual yield you can obtain if you can greatly reduce the competition of problem grasses.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Are any of these herbicide-tolerant grain sorghum hybrids also tolerant to sugarcane aphid?<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n At this time, probably not.\u00a0 Alta notes one hybrid that has some limited SCA tolerance, but it is not one of Alta\u2019s \u201cAphix\u201d designated hybrids that are marketed for the purpose of SCA control.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n Remember Common Rules for Effective Long-term Herbicide Use<\/strong><\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n <\/p>\n For information on grain sorghum or sorghum family forages for your area, or for specific questions you have on any topic in sorghum, contact your local county agricultural Extension agent, an Extension crop specialist, or sorghum Extension specialists Dr. Ronnie Schnell, College Station, (979) 845-2935, Ronnie.Schnell@ag.tamu.edu<\/a>, or Dr. Calvin Trostle, Lubbock, (806) 746-6101, ctrostle@ag.tamu.edu<\/a> \u00a0Your question will be relayed to the appropriate Texas A&M AgriLife staff as needed.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"\n
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