{"id":1457,"date":"2018-09-11T10:06:53","date_gmt":"2018-09-11T10:06:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasrowcrops\/?p=1457"},"modified":"2018-09-11T10:06:53","modified_gmt":"2018-09-11T10:06:53","slug":"limiting-the-spread-of-fusarium-wilt-race-4-a-new-disease-of-cotton-in-texas","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasrowcrops\/2018\/09\/11\/limiting-the-spread-of-fusarium-wilt-race-4-a-new-disease-of-cotton-in-texas\/","title":{"rendered":"Limiting the Spread of Fusarium Wilt Race 4, a New Disease of Cotton in Texas"},"content":{"rendered":"

by Dr. Tom Isakeit, Extension Plant Pathologist and Dr. Gaylon Morgan, Extension Cotton Agronomist<\/p>\n

During the summer of 2017, a new race of the Fusarium wilt fungus (Fusarium oxysporum<\/em> f. sp. vasinfectum<\/em>) \u00a0infecting cotton was confirmed in many fields in El Paso and Hudspeth counties.\u00a0 This particular variant is known as \u201crace 4\u201d (FOV4).\u00a0 Previously, FOV4 was limited to the San Joaquin Valley of California.\u00a0 With plant pathogens, a race is defined as the ability to cause, or not cause disease, in particular varieties of the host plant.\u00a0 For many plant diseases that are controlled primarily through host resistance, the occurrence of a new race requires ever more work by plant breeders to develop new resistant varieties. \u00a0\u00a0FOV4 causes the same wilt symptom \u00a0(Figure 1) that is typically seen with the other races that have long been present in Texas, primarily in the southern High Plains.\u00a0 However, FOV4 is a more aggressive pathogen than the other races and its movement into other areas of the state needs to be prevented.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"Fusarium<\/a>

Figure 1. Wilting of cotton caused by Fusarium wilt fungus, race 4 in El Paso County.<\/p><\/div>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

The pathogen can move through contaminated soil and seed.\u00a0 The most significant movement of the pathogen is within fields where it is already present.\u00a0 Over time, with repeated tillage operations, the pathogen-infested area in the field will increase (Figure 2).\u00a0 Contaminated soil attached to tractor tires or implements can be transported to non-infested fields.\u00a0 This is most likely to occur within El Paso and Hudspeth counties, but there is also a risk if there is movement from these counties to other areas.\u00a0 Soil and plant material should be cleaned\u00a0 from farm equipment (preferably pressure washed with soap) before moving them outside of these counties.\u00a0 \u00a0This is similar to the level of precaution needed to prevent movement of the reniform nematode to non-infested fields.<\/p>\n

\"Fusarium<\/a>

Figure 2. Bare area in a field of cotton because of plants killed earlier in the season by Fusarium wilt fungus, race 4.<\/p><\/div>\n

With contaminated seed, perhaps the greatest risk of long-distance movement of the pathogen is through \u201cbrown bag\u201d seed produced in El Paso and Hudspeth counties.\u00a0 In a test of three lots of seed from \u00a0\u201cbrown bag\u201d Pima varieties grown in 2017, we found a high level of contamination (approximately 1%).\u00a0 The fungus was inside the seed coat and grew from the seed in spite of acid delinting\u00a0 and seed\u00a0 fungicide treatments.<\/p>\n

The long-term control of FOV4 will be through developing resistant varieties.\u00a0 Tolerant Pima varieties have already been identified.\u00a0 Research to identify \u00a0resistant Upland varieties started in the 2018 growing season by \u00a0Texas AgriLife Research cotton breeders and other\u00a0 breeders in the public sector.\u00a0 However, it would be preferable to prevent or limit movement of FOV4 into other cotton-production areas.\u00a0 A new bulletin titled “FUSARIUM WILT RACE 4 DISEASE OF COTTON IN TEXAS<\/a>” provides more details on FOV4.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>

Thomas Isakeit, Ph.D.
Professor and Extension Plant Pathologist
College Station, TX
t-isakeit@exchange.tamu.edu<\/a><\/p><\/div>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

by Dr. Tom Isakeit, Extension Plant Pathologist and Dr. Gaylon Morgan, Extension Cotton Agronomist During the summer of 2017, a new race of the Fusarium wilt fungus (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum) \u00a0infecting cotton was confirmed in many fields in El Paso and Hudspeth counties.\u00a0 This particular variant is known as \u201crace 4\u201d (FOV4).\u00a0 Previously, FOV4 was limited to the San Joaquin Valley of California.\u00a0 With plant pathogens, a race is defined as the ability to cause, or not cause disease, in particular varieties of the host plant.\u00a0… Read More →<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1371,"featured_media":1458,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[46,53],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1457","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-46","category-september-2018"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nLimiting the Spread of Fusarium Wilt Race 4, a New Disease of Cotton in Texas - Texas Row Crops Newsletter<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasrowcrops\/2018\/09\/11\/limiting-the-spread-of-fusarium-wilt-race-4-a-new-disease-of-cotton-in-texas\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Limiting the Spread of Fusarium Wilt Race 4, a New Disease of Cotton in Texas - Texas Row Crops Newsletter\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"by Dr. Tom Isakeit, Extension Plant Pathologist and Dr. Gaylon Morgan, Extension Cotton Agronomist During the summer of 2017, a new race of the Fusarium wilt fungus (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. vasinfectum) \u00a0infecting cotton was confirmed in many fields in El Paso and Hudspeth counties.\u00a0 This particular variant is known as \u201crace 4\u201d (FOV4).\u00a0 Previously, FOV4 was limited to the San Joaquin Valley of California.\u00a0 With plant pathogens, a race is defined as the ability to cause, or not cause disease, in particular varieties of the host plant.\u00a0... 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