{"id":953,"date":"2014-01-13T05:00:18","date_gmt":"2014-01-13T11:00:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/?p=953"},"modified":"2026-04-17T15:35:12","modified_gmt":"2026-04-17T20:35:12","slug":"court-rules-for-llama-owners-in-lawsuit-involving-attack","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/2014\/01\/13\/court-rules-for-llama-owners-in-lawsuit-involving-attack\/","title":{"rendered":"Court Rules for Llama Owners in Lawsuit Involving Attack"},"content":{"rendered":"

**This article is not a substitute for the advice of an attorney.**<\/span><\/p>\n

In November, the Illinois Court of Appeals\u00a0granted summary judgment for defendants in\u00a0a case involving a llama who attacked a high school student hired by the llama’s owners to work on their farm.\u00a0 The result likely would have been different under Texas or New Mexico law.<\/p>\n

\"dottie\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Background<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

The plaintiff was hired by the defendants to work on their pet store and family farm.\u00a0 Even after his employment ended, the plaintiff still periodically cared for the farm animals and cleaned the barns\u00a0when the defendants were out of town.<\/p>\n

The plaintiff claims that a male llama, Beau, frequently caused problems while he was working for the defendants, including hitting him in the face, pushing him into the barn, and charging at him.\u00a0 The plaintiff claimed that the defendants were aware of these incidents, which the defendants denied.\u00a0 On July 6, 2008, the plaintiff\u00a0came to the farm to care for the animals while the defendants were out of town.\u00a0 He had been told that Beau was not confined to a stall, but left free to roam, and saw the llama in the barn as he began his work.\u00a0 Shortly thereafter,\u00a0the plaintiff was attacked by Beau and thrown over a fence resulting in a dislocated shoulder.<\/p>\n

Lawsuit<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

The plaintiff sued claiming that the defendants were negligent.\u00a0 The defendants raised the affirmative defense of assumption of the risk, which they claimed barred the plaintiff from recovering.\u00a0 The trial court granted summary judgment in favor of the defendants, finding that the plaintiff assumed the risk of injury.\u00a0\u00a0Recently, the Illinois Court of Appeals affirmed.<\/p>\n

Under Illinois law, assumption of the risk occurs when a plaintiff “has implicitly consented to encounter an inherent and known risk, thereby excusing another from a legal duty which would otherwise exist.”\u00a0 This defense is based on the idea that “a plaintiff will not be heard to complain of a risk which he has encountered voluntarily, or brought upon himself with full knowledge and appreciation of the danger.”<\/p>\n

The court reasoned that because the plaintiff had been attacked by the llama in the past, knew that the llama was free to roam at the time of the incident, and saw the llama in the barn while he was working, he assumed the risk and the defendants were not liable.\u00a0 In light of this, the court granted summary judgment in favor of the defendants and the case will not be heard by a jury.\u00a0 It remains to be seen whether the plaintiff will seek review from the Illinois Supreme Court.<\/p>\n

[The opinion can be found at Edwards\u00a0v. Lombardi<\/em>,\u00a02013 Ill. App. LEXIS 806 (Ill. Ct. App. Nov. 20, 2013).]<\/p>\n

Texas Law<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

It is important to note that Texas no longer recognizes the doctrine of implied assumption of the risk as a defense to\u00a0 negligence cases.\u00a0 In Texas, only express assumption of the risk–meaning that the plaintiff orally or in writing expressly consented to the risk at issue–is recognized as a defense.\u00a0 See<\/em>\u00a0Farley v. MM Cattle Co.<\/em>, 529 S.W.2d 751, 758\u00a0(Texas 1975).\u00a0 Instead of recognizing implied assumption of the risk, Texas allows for comparative\u00a0negligence and a jury is allowed to apportion fault between the plaintiff and defendant.\u00a0 Thus, were the llama case to have occurred in Texas, summary judgment likely would not have been granted.\u00a0 Instead,\u00a0the case likely would have been sent to a jury\u00a0that would have\u00a0compared the fault of the plaintiff to the fault of the defendants and assigned percentages to each.\u00a0 The plaintiff’s recovery would have been reduced proportionally based upon the level of fault assigned.\u00a0 For example, if the plaintiff’s medical bills were $10,000 and he was found to be 50% responsible, then he would only be allowed to recover $5,000 from the defendants.\u00a0 If a plaintiff is found\u00a0more than 50% responsible, he is barred from recovery.\u00a0 See<\/em> TEX. CIV. PRAC. & REM. CODE 33.001.<\/p>\n

New Mexico Law<\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

New Mexico, too, has abrogated the implied assumption of the risk doctrine, replacing it instead with comparative negligence.\u00a0 See\u00a0Scott v. Rizzo<\/i>, <\/em>96 N.M. 682, 634 P.2d 1234 (1981).<\/em> Under New Mexico law, however, there is no provision as in Texas that bars recovery if the plaintiff is over 50% at fault.\u00a0 Instead, the recovery is reduced by the amount of the plaintiff’s determined fault, regardless of that percentage.\u00a0 For example, if a plaintiff’s medical bills were $10,000 and he was found 70% responsible, he would be allowed to recover $3,000 under New Mexico law.\u00a0 Thus, like Texas, the were the llama case filed in New Mexico, it is unlikely that summary judgment would have been granted and, instead, the jury would have been allowed to hear the evidence and apportion fault.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

**This article is not a substitute for the advice of an attorney.** In November, the Illinois Court of Appeals\u00a0granted summary judgment for defendants in\u00a0a case involving a llama who attacked a high school student hired by the llama’s owners to work on their farm.\u00a0 The result likely would have been different under Texas or New Mexico law. Background The plaintiff was hired by the defendants to work on their pet store and family farm.\u00a0 Even after his employment ended, the plaintiff still periodically cared for the farm animals… Read More →<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2443,"featured_media":955,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-953","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-uncategorized"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCourt Rules for Llama Owners in Lawsuit Involving Attack - Texas Agriculture Law<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/2014\/01\/13\/court-rules-for-llama-owners-in-lawsuit-involving-attack\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Court Rules for Llama Owners in Lawsuit Involving Attack - Texas Agriculture Law\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"**This article is not a substitute for the advice of an attorney.** In November, the Illinois Court of Appeals\u00a0granted summary judgment for defendants in\u00a0a case involving a llama who attacked a high school student hired by the llama’s owners to work on their farm.\u00a0 The result likely would have been different under Texas or New Mexico law. 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