{"id":4330,"date":"2016-10-11T01:39:39","date_gmt":"2016-10-11T06:39:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/?p=4330"},"modified":"2026-04-17T15:27:02","modified_gmt":"2026-04-17T20:27:02","slug":"questions-tiffanys-desk-worried-estate-taxes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/2016\/10\/11\/questions-tiffanys-desk-worried-estate-taxes\/","title":{"rendered":"Questions from Tiffany&#8217;s Desk:  Should we be worried about estate taxes?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Question:<\/strong> \u00a0This one actually came from conversations with my own family, during which several family members raised concerns about having to pay federal estate taxes after the older generation of the family passed away and the farm was left to the younger generation. \u00a0Realizing how many misconceptions there are about the current status of the federal estate tax, I thought a blog post offering some basic information might be helpful.<\/p>\n<div id=\"attachment_3961\" style=\"width: 410px\" class=\"wp-caption aligncenter\"><a href=\"http:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/files\/2016\/05\/Red.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-3961\" class=\"wp-image-3961\" src=\"http:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/files\/2016\/05\/Red.jpg\" alt=\"Red\" width=\"400\" height=\"600\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/files\/2016\/05\/Red.jpg 640w, https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/files\/2016\/05\/Red-200x300.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 400px) 100vw, 400px\" \/><\/a><p id=\"caption-attachment-3961\" class=\"wp-caption-text\">Photo by Tonya Orr Perez, Nara Visa, NM<\/p><\/div>\n<p><strong>Answer:<\/strong>\u00a0 For the vast majority of farm and ranch families (estimated at 98%), the federal estate tax will not apply. \u00a0But given the high tax rate (40%) imposed if an estate owe the tax, it is critical that farmers and ranchers carefully consider what options may exist to avoid owing this tax.<\/p>\n<p>Additionally, although most states (including TX, NM, and OK) have abolished state inheritance\/estate taxes, some have not. \u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/taxfoundation.org\/blog\/does-your-state-have-estate-or-inheritance-tax\">Here is a link<\/a> to determine what the status is in your home state. \u00a0If you live in one of these states, consult with an attorney to determine how the state laws apply and might impact you. \u00a0This article will discuss only the federal estate tax issues.<\/p>\n<p>Here are some important items to consider about the federal estate tax.:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>When does the federal estate tax apply? \u00a0<\/strong>The federal estate tax is essentially a tax on a person&#8217;s right to transfer property at death. \u00a0Under current law, the vast majority of farm and ranch families will not be faced with owing any federal estate taxes. \u00a0This law, passed initially in 2013, set the exemption at $5 million per person, adjusted annually for inflation. \u00a0For 2016, each person has a $5.45 million estate tax exemption. \u00a0For a couple, that means the total exemption is $10.9 million. \u00a0Therefore, if an estate is worth less than $5.45 million, there will be no estate tax liability. \u00a0If, however, an estate is worth more than the $5.45 million exemption, the federal estate tax does apply. \u00a0This is extremely concerning for those landowners, because the tax rate is 40% on any amount over the $5.45 million. \u00a0Keep in mind that although this law is &#8220;permanent,&#8221; Congress could always change the exemption amount or tax rate in the future.Importantly, transfers from one spouse to another have an unlimited exemption&#8211;meaning the the federal estate tax does not apply. \u00a0So if a husband dies first and leaves the farm to his wife, no estate taxes would be owed upon his death. \u00a0Upon the wife&#8217;s death, however, if the estate was worth more than the current estate tax exemption, the tax payment would be owed by the heirs.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>How do you calculate the value of an estate?<\/strong> \u00a0The value of an estate is essentially the current fair market value of the estate&#8217;s assets at the time of the owner&#8217;s death. \u00a0This includes assets like real property, cash, investments, and business interests. \u00a0It also generally includes the value of any life insurance policies if the decedent held &#8220;incidents of ownership.&#8221; \u00a0[For more info, <a href=\"http:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/2014\/09\/22\/questions-from-tiffanys-desk-life-insurance-proceeds-part-of-taxible-estate\/\">click here<\/a>.] \u00a0Property held by a revocable living trust will also be considered as part of the person&#8217;s estate due to the decedent retaining incidents of ownership. \u00a0The total fair market value of assets is the &#8220;gross estate.&#8221; \u00a0There are certain deductions that may be taken from the gross estate value, including the outstanding balance of mortgages, funeral expenses, estate administration expenses, transfers to qualifying charitable and educational organizations, and certain other debts, to get the net value of the estate, which is what is considered in determining whether estate taxes are owed. \u00a0Important note here&#8211;the taxable value of your estate<em> may<\/em> be different than the value of your probate estate, so don&#8217;t assume they are the same, do the calculations.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>What is &#8220;portability?&#8221;<\/strong> \u00a0Current estate tax law allows for &#8220;portability&#8221; of an unused portion of the estate tax exemption. \u00a0Essentially, it allows an unused portion of one spouse&#8217;s exemption to be transferred to another spouse so long as the right paperwork is timely filed. \u00a0For example, if a husband passed away in 2016 with a $2 million estate, there would be $3.45 million of estate tax exemption remaining. \u00a0Portability would allow that remaining amount to be transferred to his wife and added to her $5.45 million, making her total exemption $8.9 million. \u00a0In order to qualify for portability, the decedent&#8217;s estate must file a Form 706 with the IRS within 9 months of the person&#8217;s death. \u00a0Keep in mind that portability exists now, but it may not be permanent, as Congress could always change the law regarding this in the future.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>What should I do if I think my estate\u00a0might be close to the $5.45 million exemption?<\/strong> \u00a0If the federal estate tax might be an issue, it is critical that an attorney and accountant be consulted to determine if, in fact, the estate tax will likely apply to the operation and to evaluate possible strategies to avoid the hefty 40% tax bill that would come with the estate tax application, or to make a financial plan for how the estate will be able to afford to pay these taxes when they come due. \u00a0Simple strategies could make huge differences in the amount of money owed to Uncle Sam.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Question: \u00a0This one actually came from conversations with my own family, during which several family members raised concerns about having to pay federal estate taxes after the older generation of the family passed away and the farm was left to the younger generation. \u00a0Realizing how many misconceptions there are about the current status of the federal estate tax, I thought a blog post offering some basic information might be helpful. Answer:\u00a0 For the vast majority of farm and ranch families (estimated at 98%), the federal estate tax will&#8230; <span class=\"read-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/2016\/10\/11\/questions-tiffanys-desk-worried-estate-taxes\/\">Read More &rarr;<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2444,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4330","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-estate-planning","category-tax-issues"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.0 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Questions from Tiffany&#039;s Desk: Should we be worried about estate taxes? - Texas Agriculture Law<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/2016\/10\/11\/questions-tiffanys-desk-worried-estate-taxes\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Questions from Tiffany&#039;s Desk: Should we be worried about estate taxes? - Texas Agriculture Law\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Question: \u00a0This one actually came from conversations with my own family, during which several family members raised concerns about having to pay federal estate taxes after the older generation of the family passed away and the farm was left to the younger generation. \u00a0Realizing how many misconceptions there are about the current status of the federal estate tax, I thought a blog post offering some basic information might be helpful. Answer:\u00a0 For the vast majority of farm and ranch families (estimated at 98%), the federal estate tax will... 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Answer:\u00a0 For the vast majority of farm and ranch families (estimated at 98%), the federal estate tax will... 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