{"id":2230,"date":"2014-12-01T01:17:07","date_gmt":"2014-12-01T07:17:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/?p=2230"},"modified":"2026-04-17T15:31:29","modified_gmt":"2026-04-17T20:31:29","slug":"trespass-of-the-mineral-estate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/2014\/12\/01\/trespass-of-the-mineral-estate\/","title":{"rendered":"Trespass of the Mineral Estate?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>An interesting case between Lightning oil Company and Anadarko E&amp;P Onshore, LLC is currently\u00a0 making its way through the Texas judicial system.\u00a0 The case raises the following question.\u00a0 Where an oil and gas production company seeks to drill a\u00a0 horizontal well through the mineral interest of another, in order to produce oil and gas from a lease held by the driller, does trespass occur?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Facts<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The Briscoe Ranch sits just north of the Chaparral Wildlife Management Area (CWMA)\u00a0in Dimmit County, Texas.\u00a0 Lightning holds the mineral lease for the 3,250 acres just north of the CWMA.\u00a0 The surface of the ranch is owned by Briscoe Ranch.\u00a0 Anadarko holds a lease for the mineral estate underlying the CWMA.\u00a0 The surface of the CWMA is owned by the Texas Parks and Wildlife Department.<\/p>\n<p>The lease between\u00a0Anadarko and Texas Parks and Wildlife Department prohibits Anadarko from using the surface of the CWMA for oil and gas wells without consent, requiring Anadarko to user off-site drilling locations when &#8220;prudent and feasible.&#8221;\u00a0 In order to access the minerals beneath the CWMA, Anadarko entered into a Surface Use and Subsurface Easement Agreement with Briscoe Ranch.\u00a0 This agreement gave permission for Anadarko to build several well pads and drill numerous wells on the Briscoe ranch, that would then horizontally cross property lines and actually produce oil from beneath the CWMA.\u00a0 Importantly, there were to be no &#8220;take points&#8221; along the horizontal well on Lightning&#8217;s lease.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/files\/2014\/11\/Drill-pad-Bryan-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-medium wp-image-2315 aligncenter\" src=\"http:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/files\/2014\/11\/Drill-pad-Bryan-2-300x225.jpg\" alt=\"Drill pad Bryan 2\" width=\"300\" height=\"225\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/files\/2014\/11\/Drill-pad-Bryan-2-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/files\/2014\/11\/Drill-pad-Bryan-2-1024x768.jpg 1024w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Lawsuit<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Lightning filed suit against Anadarko alleging trespass and tortious interference with contractual relations.\u00a0 Lightning sought a temporary injunction\u00a0preventing Anadarko from entering the Briscoe Ranch surface estate to drill any oil or gas well through the mineral estate, attempting to drill any well through the Briscoe Ranch mineral estate, interfering with Lightening&#8217;s use and enjoyment of the Briscoe Ranch mineral estate, and trespassing upon the Briscoe Ranch mineral estate.<\/p>\n<p>The trial court held a hearing and denied the motion for temporary injunction.\u00a0 The court held that although Anadarko&#8217;s conduct may constitute a trespass on Lightning&#8217;s mineral estate, but there is no interference with Lightning&#8217;s mineral interests in the estate.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Appellate Court Opinion<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Lightning appealed the denial of the temporary injunction to the San Antonio Court of Appeal.\u00a0 Here again, the court upheld the denial of the temporary injunction.\u00a0 [Read full opinion <a href=\"http:\/\/www.oilandgaslawyerblog.com\/Lightning%20Oil%20Co%20v.%20Anadarko.pdf\">here<\/a>.]\u00a0 Lightning argued three issues:\u00a0 (1) Anadarko&#8217;s plan to drill through Lightning&#8217;s mineral estate to reach its own adjacent mineral estate constituted trespass; (2) Briscoe Ranch, a third party surface owner with no mineral rights, does not have the right to consent to drilling activity; and (3) Lightning is entitled to an injunction.<\/p>\n<p>The court refused to answer the first two questions&#8211;the most interesting from an agricultural law perspective. The court, instead, left those issues to be decided at a trial on the merits in the lower court.\u00a0 With regard to the injunction, the Court of Appeals found that there was insufficient proof that Lightning would suffer imminent, irreparable harm to justify the injunctive relief.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Why Should We Care?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>This case poses an interesting issue of whether Texas courts will recognize trespass of the mineral estate when operators use horizontal drilling.\u00a0 The advances in technology that created the ability for horizontal drilling clearly created an unforeseen legal question&#8211;does drilling through a the mineral estate of another constitute trespass?\u00a0 And, further, who has the right to grant ability to drill through the mineral estate and to receive the payments for the agreement&#8211;the mineral owner or the surface owner?\u00a0 This is an issue that is unlikely to go away anytime soon and could have major impacts on oil and gas operators, landowners, and minerals across the state.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>An interesting case between Lightning oil Company and Anadarko E&amp;P Onshore, LLC is currently\u00a0 making its way through the Texas judicial system.\u00a0 The case raises the following question.\u00a0 Where an oil and gas production company seeks to drill a\u00a0 horizontal well through the mineral interest of another, in order to produce oil and gas from a lease held by the driller, does trespass occur? Facts The Briscoe Ranch sits just north of the Chaparral Wildlife Management Area (CWMA)\u00a0in Dimmit County, Texas.\u00a0 Lightning holds the mineral lease for the&#8230; <span class=\"read-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/2014\/12\/01\/trespass-of-the-mineral-estate\/\">Read More &rarr;<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2444,"featured_media":2315,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[8],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-2230","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-oil-and-gas-law"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Trespass of the Mineral Estate? - Texas Agriculture Law<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/2014\/12\/01\/trespass-of-the-mineral-estate\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Trespass of the Mineral Estate? - Texas Agriculture Law\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"An interesting case between Lightning oil Company and Anadarko E&amp;P Onshore, LLC is currently\u00a0 making its way through the Texas judicial system.\u00a0 The case raises the following question.\u00a0 Where an oil and gas production company seeks to drill a\u00a0 horizontal well through the mineral interest of another, in order to produce oil and gas from a lease held by the driller, does trespass occur? Facts The Briscoe Ranch sits just north of the Chaparral Wildlife Management Area (CWMA)\u00a0in Dimmit County, Texas.\u00a0 Lightning holds the mineral lease for the... Read More &rarr;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/2014\/12\/01\/trespass-of-the-mineral-estate\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Texas Agriculture Law\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/texasaglaw\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-12-01T07:17:07+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-04-17T20:31:29+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/files\/2014\/11\/Drill-pad-Bryan-2.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"3264\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"2448\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"tiffany.dowell\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@tiffdowell\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@tiffdowell\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"tiffany.dowell\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":[\"Article\",\"BlogPosting\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/agrilife.org\\\/texasaglaw\\\/2014\\\/12\\\/01\\\/trespass-of-the-mineral-estate\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/agrilife.org\\\/texasaglaw\\\/2014\\\/12\\\/01\\\/trespass-of-the-mineral-estate\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"tiffany.dowell\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/agrilife.org\\\/texasaglaw\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/f44cbb97df9edaa18011b5258d733f73\"},\"headline\":\"Trespass of the Mineral Estate?\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-12-01T07:17:07+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-04-17T20:31:29+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/agrilife.org\\\/texasaglaw\\\/2014\\\/12\\\/01\\\/trespass-of-the-mineral-estate\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":617,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/agrilife.org\\\/texasaglaw\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/agrilife.org\\\/texasaglaw\\\/2014\\\/12\\\/01\\\/trespass-of-the-mineral-estate\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/agrilife.org\\\/texasaglaw\\\/files\\\/2014\\\/11\\\/Drill-pad-Bryan-2.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Oil and Gas Law\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/agrilife.org\\\/texasaglaw\\\/2014\\\/12\\\/01\\\/trespass-of-the-mineral-estate\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/agrilife.org\\\/texasaglaw\\\/2014\\\/12\\\/01\\\/trespass-of-the-mineral-estate\\\/\",\"name\":\"Trespass of the Mineral Estate? 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Facts The Briscoe Ranch sits just north of the Chaparral Wildlife Management Area (CWMA)\u00a0in Dimmit County, Texas.\u00a0 Lightning holds the mineral lease for the... 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