{"id":1678,"date":"2014-07-14T03:14:57","date_gmt":"2014-07-14T08:14:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/?p=1678"},"modified":"2026-04-17T15:32:19","modified_gmt":"2026-04-17T20:32:19","slug":"texas-supreme-court-sides-with-south-texas-ranch-in-wrongful-death-lawsuit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/2014\/07\/14\/texas-supreme-court-sides-with-south-texas-ranch-in-wrongful-death-lawsuit\/","title":{"rendered":"Texas Supreme Court Sides with South Texas Ranch in Wrongful Death Lawsuit"},"content":{"rendered":"

The Texas Supreme Court recently considered the duty of a landowner and his employees with regard to people trespassing on the property.\u00a0 The\u00a0Boerjan v. Rodriguez <\/em>\u00a0decision\u00a0affirmed that a landowner or occupier of land owes only a limited duty not to intentionally injure a trespasser.\u00a0 This case was closely followed by a number of agricultural interest groups\u00a0in Texas and provides important information\u00a0for landowners who confront trespassers on their property.\u00a0 [View opinion here<\/a>.]<\/p>\n

\"39658_1519412219046_6706225_n\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Background<\/strong><\/p>\n

In this case, a\u00a0family (father, mother, and child) from Mexico hired a driver to provide transportation to either Houston or New Orleans.\u00a0 The driver picked the family up in Texas and began driving.\u00a0 When the vehicle reached the Jones Ranch–private property located in Brooks County, Texas–the driver told the family to move from the back seat to the floor of the vehicle.\u00a0 The driver then used a set of keys to open the locked ranch gate.<\/p>\n

After being confronted by a ranch employee, the\u00a0driver sped away.\u00a0 The plaintiffs allege that the ranch employee chased the vehicle at a high rate of speed.\u00a0 The vehicle rolled while still on the ranch and the family was killed.\u00a0 The family’s survivors filed a wrongful death case against the\u00a0landowners and\u00a0employee, alleging numerous claims including wrongful death, negligence, and gross negligence.<\/p>\n

The trial court found in favor of the landowners and dismissed the plaintiffs’ claims.<\/p>\n

The court of appeals\u00a0 held that the trial court erred in granting summary judgment on the wrongful death, negligence, and gross negligence claims.\u00a0 According to the court of appeals, the defendants owed a duty of reasonable care not to injure the family by initiating and maintaining a high speed crash on a caliche road and held that it was foreseeable injury could occur.<\/p>\n

The defendants appealed to the Texas Supreme Court, arguing that the appellate court decision imposed a new, higher duty upon landowners to protect trespassers on their property.<\/p>\n

Applicable Texas Law<\/strong><\/p>\n

Under Texas law, the level of duty that a landowner or occupier owes to another party depends upon the status of that other party (trespasser, licensee, or invitee).\u00a0 A landowner or occupier’s only duty owed to a trespasser is not to injure him willfully, wantonly, or through gross negligence.<\/p>\n

A party may be liable for gross negligence when two elements are present:\u00a0 “(1) viewed objectively from the actor\u2019s standpoint, the act or omission complained of must involve an extreme degree of risk, considering the probability and magnitude of the potential harm to others; and (2) the actor must have actual, subjective awareness of the risk involved, but nevertheless proceed.”<\/p>\n

The Supreme Court Decision<\/strong><\/p>\n

The Supreme Court held that Texas law “makes clear that a land occupier owes only a duty to avoid injuring a trespasser willfully, wantonly, or through gross negligence.”\u00a0 Thus, a claim brought for negligence against a landowner cannot succeed.\u00a0 The court specially rejected the court of appeals’ foreseeability analysis in this case–it simply does not apply to a case involving the duty owed to a trespasser.\u00a0 Because a negligence claim cannot succeed on behalf of a trespasser, this claim was dismissed.<\/p>\n

With regard to the gross negligence claim, the court held that evidence that the ranch employee may have followed the family’s vehicle does not satisfy the high standard required to impose liability for gross negligence.\u00a0 Following another vehicle simply did not create a likelihood of serious injury to the plaintiffs.\u00a0 Thus, the gross negligence claims were likewise dismissed.<\/p>\n

Additionally, the Texas Supreme Court held that the “unlawful acts doctrine,” which provides that a plaintiff may not recover if he or she was engaged in an illegal act at the time of injury, is no longer applicable under Texas law.\u00a0 Thus, the fact that the family was in the country illegally did not, alone, prohibit their right to recover damages in the case.\u00a0\u00a0 Instead, the comparative fault doctrine applies as it would to any other negligence case.<\/p>\n

Why Does This Case Matter?<\/strong><\/p>\n

This case is important for all owners and occupiers of land in Texas.\u00a0 The court of appeals foreseeability analysis could have significantly changed the duty of landowners and put them at greater risk of liability.\u00a0 The Supreme Court decision is favorable for Texas landowners and occupiers and limits their liability in cases involving trespassers injured on their property.\u00a0 As outlined by an amicus curiae<\/em> brief filed by several agricultural organizations, this case is especially important to protect South Texas landowners facing repeated trespass by illegal immigrants.<\/p>\n

There were several articles published discussing this decision.\u00a0 To read more, click here <\/a>and here<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

The Texas Supreme Court recently considered the duty of a landowner and his employees with regard to people trespassing on the property.\u00a0 The\u00a0Boerjan v. Rodriguez \u00a0decision\u00a0affirmed that a landowner or occupier of land owes only a limited duty not to intentionally injure a trespasser.\u00a0 This case was closely followed by a number of agricultural interest groups\u00a0in Texas and provides important information\u00a0for landowners who confront trespassers on their property.\u00a0 [View opinion here.] Background In this case, a\u00a0family (father, mother, and child) from Mexico hired a driver to provide transportation… Read More →<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2444,"featured_media":1648,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[31,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1678","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-landowner-liability","category-texas-supreme-court-decisions"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nTexas Supreme Court Sides with South Texas Ranch in Wrongful Death Lawsuit - Texas Agriculture Law<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/2014\/07\/14\/texas-supreme-court-sides-with-south-texas-ranch-in-wrongful-death-lawsuit\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Texas Supreme Court Sides with South Texas Ranch in Wrongful Death Lawsuit - Texas Agriculture Law\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Texas Supreme Court recently considered the duty of a landowner and his employees with regard to people trespassing on the property.\u00a0 The\u00a0Boerjan v. Rodriguez \u00a0decision\u00a0affirmed that a landowner or occupier of land owes only a limited duty not to intentionally injure a trespasser.\u00a0 This case was closely followed by a number of agricultural interest groups\u00a0in Texas and provides important information\u00a0for landowners who confront trespassers on their property.\u00a0 [View opinion here.] Background In this case, a\u00a0family (father, mother, and child) from Mexico hired a driver to provide transportation... Read More →\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/2014\/07\/14\/texas-supreme-court-sides-with-south-texas-ranch-in-wrongful-death-lawsuit\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Texas Agriculture Law\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/texasaglaw\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2014-07-14T08:14:57+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-04-17T20:32:19+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/files\/2014\/06\/39658_1519412219046_6706225_n.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"720\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"540\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"tiffany.dowell\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@tiffdowell\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@tiffdowell\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"tiffany.dowell\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":[\"Article\",\"BlogPosting\"],\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/agrilife.org\\\/texasaglaw\\\/2014\\\/07\\\/14\\\/texas-supreme-court-sides-with-south-texas-ranch-in-wrongful-death-lawsuit\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/agrilife.org\\\/texasaglaw\\\/2014\\\/07\\\/14\\\/texas-supreme-court-sides-with-south-texas-ranch-in-wrongful-death-lawsuit\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"tiffany.dowell\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/agrilife.org\\\/texasaglaw\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/f44cbb97df9edaa18011b5258d733f73\"},\"headline\":\"Texas Supreme Court Sides with South Texas Ranch in Wrongful Death Lawsuit\",\"datePublished\":\"2014-07-14T08:14:57+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-04-17T20:32:19+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/agrilife.org\\\/texasaglaw\\\/2014\\\/07\\\/14\\\/texas-supreme-court-sides-with-south-texas-ranch-in-wrongful-death-lawsuit\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":773,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/agrilife.org\\\/texasaglaw\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/agrilife.org\\\/texasaglaw\\\/2014\\\/07\\\/14\\\/texas-supreme-court-sides-with-south-texas-ranch-in-wrongful-death-lawsuit\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/agrilife.org\\\/texasaglaw\\\/files\\\/2014\\\/06\\\/39658_1519412219046_6706225_n.jpg\",\"articleSection\":[\"Landowner Liability\",\"Texas Supreme Court Decisions\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/agrilife.org\\\/texasaglaw\\\/2014\\\/07\\\/14\\\/texas-supreme-court-sides-with-south-texas-ranch-in-wrongful-death-lawsuit\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/agrilife.org\\\/texasaglaw\\\/2014\\\/07\\\/14\\\/texas-supreme-court-sides-with-south-texas-ranch-in-wrongful-death-lawsuit\\\/\",\"name\":\"Texas Supreme Court Sides with South Texas Ranch in Wrongful Death Lawsuit - 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