{"id":10150,"date":"2021-07-05T01:29:00","date_gmt":"2021-07-05T06:29:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/?p=10150"},"modified":"2026-04-17T15:16:45","modified_gmt":"2026-04-17T20:16:45","slug":"afpc-analyzes-proposed-tax-change-impact-on-representative-farms","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/2021\/07\/05\/afpc-analyzes-proposed-tax-change-impact-on-representative-farms\/","title":{"rendered":"AFPC Analyzes Proposed Tax Change Impact on Representative Farms"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The Agricultural and Food Policy Center at Texas A&amp;M University recently released a report looking at the likely impacts of proposed changes to the estate and capital gains taxes. [View Report <a href=\"https:\/\/afpc.tamu.edu\/research\/publications\/files\/708\/RR-21-01.pdf\">here<\/a>.]\u00a0 Specifically, the report analyzed the impact that changes to the lifetime exclusion for estate taxes and the elimination of the stepped up basis for capital gains taxes would have on the AFPC&#8217;s 94 representative farms.\u00a0 The results were clear in showing that for the representative farms, the proposed policy changes would greatly increase tax liability.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/afpc.tamu.edu\/research\/publications\/files\/708\/RR-21-01.pdf\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-10151\" src=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/files\/2021\/06\/AFPC.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"600\" height=\"778\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/files\/2021\/06\/AFPC.jpg 733w, https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/files\/2021\/06\/AFPC-231x300.jpg 231w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Estate Tax<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Currently, the lifetime exemption for estate tax purposes is $11.7 million per person ($23.4 million for a couple).\u00a0 This means that for estates valued at less than this amount, no estate tax is due.\u00a0 To learn more about the estate tax, <a href=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/2021\/05\/17\/talking-taxes-estate-tax\/\">click here<\/a> to read a prior blog post or <a href=\"https:\/\/aglaw.libsyn.com\/episode-79-kitt-tovar-estate-gift-inheritance-tax\">click here<\/a> to listen to a prior podcast episode.<\/p>\n<p>The &#8220;For the 99.5 Percent Act (99.5% Act),&#8221; introduced by Senator Bernie Sanders, would make various changes, including decreasing the estate tax exemption to $3.5 million per person.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Capital Gains Tax<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Capital gains taxes are due when a person sells an asset that appreciated in value since it was purchased.\u00a0 For example, if a person purchased land worth $500\/acre and later sell it for $1,200\/acre, capital gains taxes would be owed on the $700 increase in value.\u00a0 Current law allows for a step up in basis in certain situations, which may decrease the capital gains tax liability.\u00a0 For example, assume a person purchased land worth $500\/acre.\u00a0 When that person died, the land was worth $900\/acre and it was given to the person&#8217;s child in the will.\u00a0 In this situation, the stepped up basis would allow the cost basis to be changed from the $500 purchase price to the $900 value of the land when it was inherited by will.\u00a0 If the child then later sells the land for $1,200\/acre, capital gains taxes would only be owed on the $300 increase.\u00a0 To learn more about capital gains taxes and the step up in basis, <a href=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/2021\/06\/07\/talking-taxes-capital-gains-tax\/\">click here<\/a> for a prior blog post and <a href=\"https:\/\/aglaw.libsyn.com\/episode-71-pat-dillon-capital-gains-taxes-agriculture\">here<\/a> for a prior podcast episode.<\/p>\n<p>The &#8220;Sensible Taxation and Equity Promotion (STEP) Act&#8221;, which was introduced by Senator Chris Van Hollen, would eliminate the stepped up basis.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Results\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>The AFPC maintains a database of 94 representative farms located in 30 states around the country.\u00a0 These representative farms have been used for over 30 years in policy analysis.\u00a0 When the AFPC conducted simulations using these 94 farms to determine the impact of the STEP Act and the 99.5% Act on these farms.\u00a0 Specifically, AFPC looked at the impact on generational transfer under the STEP Act, under the 99.5% Act, and under both the STEP Act and the 99.5% Act.\u00a0 The complete results may be found in their report <a href=\"https:\/\/afpc.tamu.edu\/research\/publications\/files\/708\/RR-21-01.pdf\">here<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>A brief summary of the results shows that under current tax law, only 2 of the 94 representative farms would face estate or capital gains tax liability pursuant to a generational transfer.\u00a0 Under the 99.5% Act, 41 of the 92 representative farms would be impacted with average additional tax liability of $2.17 million per farm.\u00a0 Under the STEP Act, 92 of the 94 farms would be impacted, with an additional tax liability averaging $726,104 per farm.\u00a0 Finally, if both the STEP and 99.5% Act were implemented, 92 of the 94 representative farms would be impacted with additional tax liabilities of $1.43 million per farm.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><strong>Key Takeaways<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>First, all agricultural operations should have an estate and transition plan in place to ensure the success of the operation when transferred to the next generation.\u00a0 As part of this plan, potential tax liabilities should be considered and tools to help alleviate or minimize these liabilities should be utilized when necessary.\u00a0 Do not wait until the transition happens to formulate a plan!<\/p>\n<p>Second, proposed tax law changes certainly have the potential to impact agricultural operations.\u00a0 All rural landowners and agricultural operations should keep a close eye on any changes and be prepared to make necessary changes to their estate and transition plans.<\/p>\n<p>Finally, to hear more about these proposed changes and this report, check out my friend <a href=\"https:\/\/marylandagpodcast.org\/\">Paul Goeringer&#8217;s podcast<\/a> later this week, where he will interview Dr. Bart Fischer.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Agricultural and Food Policy Center at Texas A&amp;M University recently released a report looking at the likely impacts of proposed changes to the estate and capital gains taxes. [View Report here.]\u00a0 Specifically, the report analyzed the impact that changes to the lifetime exclusion for estate taxes and the elimination of the stepped up basis for capital gains taxes would have on the AFPC&#8217;s 94 representative farms.\u00a0 The results were clear in showing that for the representative farms, the proposed policy changes would greatly increase tax liability. Estate&#8230; <span class=\"read-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/2021\/07\/05\/afpc-analyzes-proposed-tax-change-impact-on-representative-farms\/\">Read More &rarr;<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2444,"featured_media":10151,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,35],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10150","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-estate-planning","category-tax-issues"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.8 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>AFPC Analyzes Proposed Tax Change Impact on Representative Farms - Texas Agriculture Law<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/texasaglaw\/2021\/07\/05\/afpc-analyzes-proposed-tax-change-impact-on-representative-farms\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"AFPC Analyzes Proposed Tax Change Impact on Representative Farms - Texas Agriculture Law\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Agricultural and Food Policy Center at Texas A&amp;M University recently released a report looking at the likely impacts of proposed changes to the estate and capital gains taxes. [View Report here.]\u00a0 Specifically, the report analyzed the impact that changes to the lifetime exclusion for estate taxes and the elimination of the stepped up basis for capital gains taxes would have on the AFPC&#8217;s 94 representative farms.\u00a0 The results were clear in showing that for the representative farms, the proposed policy changes would greatly increase tax liability. Estate... 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