{"id":278,"date":"2017-07-11T15:02:57","date_gmt":"2017-07-11T20:02:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/rxburn.com\/?page_id=278"},"modified":"2017-07-11T15:02:57","modified_gmt":"2017-07-11T20:02:57","slug":"emergency-first-aid","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/rxburn\/safety\/emergency-first-aid\/","title":{"rendered":"Emergency First Aid"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><b>Specific Treatments<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Bleeding \u2013 Direct pressure, elevate, pressure point and tourniquet.<\/li>\n<li>Shock \u2013 Lay patient down, elevate feet, keep warm and replace fluids if conscious.<\/li>\n<li>Fractures \u2013 Splint joints above and below injury and monitor pulse past injury away from body.<\/li>\n<li>Bee Sting \u2013 (anaphylaxis) Life threatening, see if the patient has a sting kit and transport immediately.<\/li>\n<li>Burns \u2013 Remove heat source, cool with water, dry wrap and replace fluids.<\/li>\n<li>Diarrhea \u2013 Drink fluids in large quantities.<\/li>\n<li>Eye Injuries \u2013 Wash out foreign material, don\u2019t open swollen eyes, leave impaled objects and pad and bandage both eyes.<\/li>\n<li>Heat Exhaustion \u2013 Skin, gray, cool, clammy. Rest in cool place and replace electrolytes.<\/li>\n<li>Snake Bites \u2013 Avoid moving person, splint affected areas, remove jewelry. No ice\/incisions. Light constriction band. Transport.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>CPR<\/b><\/p>\n<p><b>Determine Responsiveness \u2013 <\/b>Gently shake shoulder and shout \u201cAre you Ok?\u201d. If no response, call EMS. If alone, call EMS before starting ABC\u2019s.<\/p>\n<p><b>Airway \u2013<\/b> roll victim on back as a unit supporting head and neck. Open airway by head-tilt\/chin-lift maneuver. Look, listen and feel for breathing for 3-5 seconds. If no response, go to \u201cB\u201d<\/p>\n<p><b>Breathing \u2013<\/b> Pinch victim\u2019s nose shut. Put mouth over victim\u2019s, making a tight seal. Give two slow breaths. If chest does not rise, reposition and try again. If breaths still do not go through, use abdominal thrusts to clear airway. If chest does rise go to \u201cC\u201d.<\/p>\n<p><b>Circulation \u2013<\/b> Check carotid pulse for 5-10 seconds until victim is breathing or help arrives. If no pulse, begin chest compressions.<\/p>\n<p><b>One\/Two rescuer CPR \u2013<\/b> Perform 15 external chest compressions at the rate of 80-100 times per minute to a depth of 1.5 \u2013 2 inches. Reopen the airway and give two full breaths. After 4 cycles of 15:2 (about one minute), check pulse. If no pulse, continue 15:2 cycle beginning with chest compressions until advanced life support is available. If two rescuers are available, use a 15:2 compressions to breath ratio.<\/p>\n<p><b>Burn Injury Treatment<\/b><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Remove person from heat source, extinguish with water.<\/li>\n<li>Provide Basic First Aid.<\/li>\n<li>Assess degree of burn and area affected<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><b>First Degree<\/b> \u2013 affected skin\u2019s outer layer. Redness, mild swelling, tenderness and mild to moderate pain.<\/p>\n<p><b>Second Degree<\/b> \u2013 extends through entire out layer and into inner layer of skin. Blisters, swelling, weeping of fluids and severe pain.<\/p>\n<p><b>Third Degree<\/b> \u2013 extends through all skin layers and into underlying fat, muscle, bone. Discoloration (charred, white or cherry red), leathery, parchment-like, dry appearance. Pain is absent.<\/p>\n<p>\u201c<b>Rule of Nine\u201d<\/b> \u2013 for determining area burned.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Head 9%<\/li>\n<li>Back Torso 18%<\/li>\n<li>Right Arm 9%<\/li>\n<li>Right Leg 9%<\/li>\n<li>Front Torso 18%<\/li>\n<li>Left Arm 9%<\/li>\n<li>Left Leg 9%<\/li>\n<li>Perineum 1%<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>&gt;Cut away only burned clothing. DO NOT cut away clothing stuck to burned skin.<\/p>\n<p>&gt;Apply cool, clear water over burned area. DO NOT soak person or use cold water and ice packs. This encourages hypothermia.<\/p>\n<p>&gt;Cover burned area with sterile dressing, moisten with saline solution, and apply dressing on top.<\/p>\n<p>&gt;For severe burns or burns covering large area of body<\/p>\n<p>Wrap in clean, sterile sheet followed by plastic sheet<\/p>\n<p>Place inside sleeping bag or cover with insulated blanket<\/p>\n<p>&gt;Monitor ABC\u2019s and keep burn areas moist<\/p>\n<p>&gt;Avoid hypothermia and overheating<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Specific Treatments Bleeding \u2013 Direct pressure, elevate, pressure point and tourniquet. Shock \u2013 Lay patient down, elevate feet, keep warm and replace fluids if conscious. Fractures \u2013 Splint joints above and below injury and monitor pulse past injury away from body. Bee Sting \u2013 (anaphylaxis) Life threatening, see if the patient has a sting kit&#8230; <span class=\"read-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/rxburn\/safety\/emergency-first-aid\/\">Read More &rarr;<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1058,"featured_media":0,"parent":307,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"class_list":{"0":"post-278","1":"page","2":"type-page","3":"status-publish","5":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Emergency First Aid - Texas Prescribed Burn Handbook<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/rxburn\/safety\/emergency-first-aid\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Emergency First Aid - Texas Prescribed Burn Handbook\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Specific Treatments Bleeding \u2013 Direct pressure, elevate, pressure point and tourniquet. 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