{"id":4490,"date":"2026-10-22T14:45:09","date_gmt":"2026-10-22T19:45:09","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/?p=4490"},"modified":"2026-10-22T15:08:13","modified_gmt":"2026-10-22T20:08:13","slug":"how-to-understand-your-farms-financial-condition-part-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/how-to-understand-your-farms-financial-condition-part-1\/","title":{"rendered":"How to Understand Your Farm\u2019s Financial Condition, Part 1"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Can your business pay its bills and other financial obligations this year? Or will borrowing more put your business at risk of bankruptcy? Your ability to answer these questions accurately is an important part of managing your business for long-term success. In today\u2019s blog, we\u2019ll review information from a farm\u2019s business records to help you make financially responsible borrowing decisions.&nbsp;&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"5000\" height=\"3333\" src=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/files\/2026\/10\/Title-Pic_10222026-5000x3333.jpeg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-4496\" style=\"aspect-ratio:1.5001674294006027;width:449px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/files\/2026\/10\/Title-Pic_10222026-5000x3333.jpeg 5000w, https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/files\/2026\/10\/Title-Pic_10222026-1024x683.jpeg 1024w, https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/files\/2026\/10\/Title-Pic_10222026-768x512.jpeg 768w, https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/files\/2026\/10\/Title-Pic_10222026-1536x1024.jpeg 1536w, https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/files\/2026\/10\/Title-Pic_10222026-2048x1365.jpeg 2048w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 5000px) 100vw, 5000px\" \/><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Double exposure Us banknote with Financial paper and work station on working table, Finance concept.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<!--more-->\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>The Information You Will Need<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Today we\u2019re discussing liquidity and solvency, which I\u2019ll define shortly. All the information you need to evaluate solvency comes from your business\u2019s balance sheet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Your balance sheet is a financial statement that provides you with the following information:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>The dollar value of your business\u2019s <strong>assets<\/strong>, or <em>what the business owns<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The dollar value of your business\u2019s <strong>liabilities<\/strong>, or <em>what the business owes<\/em><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>The dollar value of your business\u2019s <strong>equity<\/strong>, or <em>what\u2019s left over<\/em> for you after all the business\u2019s debts are paid<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The balance sheet is based on the equation <strong>Assets = Liabilities + Equity<\/strong>. As a business\u2019s liabilities increase relative to its assets, business equity must decrease. As liabilities decrease relative to assets, equity increases.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Going a little deeper, you can classify assets and liabilities as current or noncurrent. Current assets include cash and other resources that will generate cash for a business within the next year. Noncurrent assets are resources and investments a business plans to hold or use for more than a year. Current liabilities are obligations the business must pay within the next year. Finally, noncurrent liabilities are obligations due in future years. Table 1 shows how a balance sheet organizes this information. You can use this information to evaluate two elements of financial condition: liquidity and solvency.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"209\" class=\"wp-image-4491\" style=\"width: 1000px;\" src=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/files\/2026\/10\/Table-1.png\" alt=\"An illustration of a balance sheet's organization\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/files\/2026\/10\/Table-1.png 874w, https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/files\/2026\/10\/Table-1-768x161.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Understanding Liquidity<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Liquidity focuses on the current portion of the balance sheet and measures how easily your business can generate cash to pay bills and meet other financial obligations. The higher a business\u2019s current assets are relative to its liabilities, the more liquid it is.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Two common measures of liquidity are <strong>working capital<\/strong> and the <strong>current ratio<\/strong>. A business\u2019s working capital is the difference between its current assets and current liabilities. &nbsp;A business\u2019s current ratio is its current assets divided by its current liabilities.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Working Capital = Current Assets \u2013 Current Liabilities<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Current Ratio = Current Assets \u00f7 Current Liabilities<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In farm financial management, the commonly accepted standard for a healthy current ratio is 2.0. In other words, a farm should aim for its current assets to be twice the value of its current liabilities. A farm is considered at risk when its current ratio is 1.3 or less. If its current ratio is less than 1, the farm is illiquid and cannot meet all its short-term obligations. Table 2 summarizes these rules of thumb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"123\" class=\"wp-image-4492\" style=\"width: 1000px;\" src=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/files\/2026\/10\/Table-2.png\" alt=\"A table that relates different current ratio values to healthy and unhealthy financial conditions.\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/files\/2026\/10\/Table-2.png 877w, https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/files\/2026\/10\/Table-2-768x95.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Understanding Solvency<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Solvency assesses the value of assets and liabilities across the entire balance sheet and reflects your ability to pay all your debts if you sold your business today. Like liquidity, the more a business\u2019s assets exceed its liabilities, the more likely it is to remain solvent.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">There are three ratios you can calculate to evaluate your business\u2019s solvency, but we\u2019ll only focus on two here.&nbsp; The first of these is the <strong>Debt-to-Asset<\/strong> <strong>ratio,<\/strong> which compares the value of the liabilities listed on your balance sheet to the value of your assets:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Debt-to-Asset Ratio = Liabilities \u00f7 Assets<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">The second important ratio is the <strong>Debt-to-Equity<\/strong> <strong>ratio,<\/strong> which compares the value of the liabilities listed on your balance sheet to the value of your business\u2019 equity:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><em>Debt-to-Equity Ratio = Liabilities \u00f7 Equity<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">In general, a farm in healthy financial condition will have a debt-to-asset ratio below 0.3 and a debt-to-equity ratio below 0.43. A farm\u2019s financial condition is at risk of bankruptcy if its debt-to-asset ratio exceeds 0.60 and its debt-to-equity ratio exceeds 1.5. Table 3 summarizes the rules of thumb for evaluating a farm\u2019s solvency.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1000\" height=\"271\" class=\"wp-image-4495\" style=\"width: 1000px;\" src=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/files\/2026\/10\/Table-3-1.png\" alt=\"A table that identifies values for the debt-to-asset and debt-to-equity ratios that are considered healthy of unhealthy\" srcset=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/files\/2026\/10\/Table-3-1.png 876w, https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/files\/2026\/10\/Table-3-1-768x208.png 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1000px) 100vw, 1000px\" \/><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Can your business pay its bills and other financial obligations this year? Or will borrowing more put your business at risk of bankruptcy? Your ability to answer these questions accurately&#8230; <span class=\"read-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/how-to-understand-your-farms-financial-condition-part-1\/\">Read More &rarr;<\/a><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2184,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[31,27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4490","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","category-business-management","category-risk-management","entry"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.7 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>How to Understand Your Farm\u2019s Financial Condition, Part 1 - Ag Economics on the Plains<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/agrilife.org\/agecon\/how-to-understand-your-farms-financial-condition-part-1\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"How to Understand Your Farm\u2019s Financial Condition, Part 1 - Ag Economics on the Plains\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Can your business pay its bills and other financial obligations this year? 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